揭阳大专在校读报名2023(精选/专题)

By GONG Qian

On March 21, U.S. Commerce Department unveiled its proposed "national security guardrails", which is intended to ensure technology and innovation funded by the CHIPS and Science Act is not used for projects in "foreign countries of concern" such as China's mainland.假设：张三文化成绩考了260分，他考了护士资格证，本科技能测试80分那么他的合成的总分是：260*50%（文化分折算）+450*10%（证书分折算）+80*450*40%/100（校考分折算）=130+45+80*1.8=130+45+144=319分23年3+证书本科院校介绍：01韶关学院（公办）韶关学院是广东省省属公办全日制综合性普通本科大学，是学士学位授予单位。

Under the new guidelines, funding recipients will be limited to expanding a facility's production capacity by five percent, while being prohibited from adding new production lines or expanding an existing legacy facility's production capacity beyond 10 percent. It also includes a 100,000 USD spending cap on investments in advanced capacity in China.

This is a part of U.S. claims to strengthen global supply chains and enhance collective security of the superpower and its allies.

But, what it has done only makes the global chip supply chain even more bifurcated.

Without doubt, the new restriction would affect all chip manufacturers who are operating their factories in China while planning to build factories in the U.S. as they may apply for the fund. So literally, it is another instance that the U.S. leverages its hegemony to force its allies to pick a side in China-U.S. tech rivalry.

假设：张三文化成绩考了260分，他考了护士资格证，本科技能测试80分那么他的合成的总分是：260*50%（文化分折算）+450*10%（证书分折算）+80*450*40%/100（校考分折算）=130+45+80*1.8=130+45+144=319分23年3+证书本科院校介绍：01韶关学院（公办）韶关学院是广东省省属公办全日制综合性普通本科大学，是学士学位授予单位。At the start of this year, President Joe Biden lobbied U.S. allies Japan and the Netherlands to take the same restriction measures on chip exports to China. Now, the U.S. once again put its allies in the passive situation of adjusting their policies, based on the demands of the U.S., rather than on their own interests.

The impact of the proposed new U.S. guidelines is expected to be more significant on major South Korean chip makers, Arisa Liu, a senior semiconductor research fellow at the Taiwan Institute of Economic Research, told South China Morning Post.

"Companies like Samsung and SK Hynix have a high proportion of their production capacity invested in China," said Liu. "If they cannot upgrade production processes or expand capacity, their business will be greatly affected."

Although South Korea's trade ministry said that U.S.-proposed rules will not force recipients to shut down their China factories, uncertainties are unpredictable when the one-year waiver for Samsung and SK Hynix to receive chip equipment needed in China expires in October of 2023, according to Reuters.

The hope of the CHIPS and Science Act is to revitalize U.S. semiconductor manufacturing, but the editors of Bloomberg believe 52 billion USD chipmaking plan is racing toward failure as the U.S.-based manufacturers face three serious impediments: red tape, lacking the needed workforce and politics. As for the last concern, politics is a real concern for U.S. chip makers as the CHIPS and Science Act asks the companies receiving the funding to take social responsibilities such as offering "community investment," and access to "affordable, accessible, reliable and high-quality child care."

"But larding already-uncompetitive businesses with crippling new costs to advance completely unrelated social goals is simply at odds with the stated purpose of this law," said the editors.

So the curbs neither bring more benefits to the U.S. nor benefit its allies. Contrarily, it comes at the cost of economic loss for all stakeholders involved.

Biden once said that the U.S. and China need to establish "common-sense guardrails" to manage a bilateral relationship. The U.S. so-called "establishing guardrails" for China-U.S. relations and "not seeking conflict" actually means that China should not respond in words or action when slandered or attacked. "That is just impossible!" said China's foreign minister Qin Gang in his first media briefing in March.